Basic Ophthalmology: Essentials For Medical Stu...

This book is appropriate for medical students, optometry students, and eye technicians scrambling to learn the basics as quickly as possible. The material within these pages is BASIC! Experienced residents and practicing doctors will find this series too easy.

I am a current second year medical student- I struggled with the innervation of the eye during anatomy and basically memorized it to get me through the test. After reading your section on neurology I finally understand the basis of nerve lesions we have been studying. Thank you for making this resource available to us.

All the above teaching initiatives must be backed up by a competency curriculum and an exam specific to ophthalmology. Many schools incorporate assessment of ophthalmology into wider exams. As a result, students often neglect the topic in favour of higher yield specialities leading to a lack of expertise in ophthalmology. A short formative Single Best Answer(SBA) test administered at the end of an ophthalmology block mapped to the competencies they have been asked to achieve during the block may carry the necessary incentive to persuade medical students to invest the time needed to learn the essential skills of ophthalmology. Although this test will be entirely formative in that it will not contribute to final rankings or appear on a university transcript, we may use it as a method to identify students who are in further need of basic ophthalmic training. It has been shown that competency-based curriculum is both more effective and more positively received in comparison to a content-based curriculum [5].

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that virtual teaching methods can be employed effectively, and most importantly, have been met with a positive response amongst the medical student cohort. Moving forwards from the pandemic, these teaching methods should be incorporated into a new ophthalmology curriculum to ensure that medical students graduate with the essential skills to provide basic ophthalmic care for their patients.

Conclusion: This cohort of medical students considered ophthalmic training in this institution essential and adequate. Undergraduate ophthalmic course should ensure an understanding of the basic principles of ophthalmology and should be designed to motivate the interest and confidence of the medical students in the specialty. Training period should be at least 4 weeks. With appropriate training ophthalmology can attract reasonable interest as a choice for specification.

The Biomedical Sciences graduate programs enable veterinary medical students to pursue studies in the basic biomedical discipline of their choice for a PhD or MS degree while enrolled in the College of Veterinary Medicine. The program is designed to prepare students for advanced professional careers in universities and colleges, research institutes and industrial research.

The Biomedical Sciences Area PhD is a multidisciplinary program that integrates molecular, cellular and systemic biology within the context of biomedical research. The program provides the student with the background to investigate questions relevant to the Medical sciences at the integrative, molecular or cellular level and to relate the findings to mammalian physiology. Training in both fundamental and state-of-the-art research methodologies help students develop the skills necessary for competitive biomedical research. The program is administered through the Department of Biomedical Sciences (College of Veterinary Medicine) that has research faculty representing a diversity of Medical-related basic science disciplines, including anatomy,biochemistry, histology, pathology, molecular biology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology. The program offers a rich environment for graduate study and a unique opportunity for training scientists in comprehensive interdisciplinary research.

The current UPSOM curriculum was implemented in 2004 and features active, participatory learning; a problem-based approach; an early introduction to the patient and the community; and the integration of a rigorous foundation in basic and clinical biomedical sciences with the social and behavioral aspects of medicine. Key subject matter is longitudinally integrated throughout the curriculum, building upon a foundation of prior learning while providing a level-appropriate and well-synchronized introduction of new content.

1. Successfully complete curricular requirements for each of the four years. First year: Courses in basic science including medical anatomy, cellular and pathologic basis of disease, human genetics, fuel metabolism, immunology in health and disease, medical microbiology; organ systems including pharmacology, neuroscience, introduction to psychiatry; scientific reasoning in medicine including introduction to medical decision making and methods and logic in medicine; patient, physician and society courses including introduction to being a physician; ethics, law, and professionalism, behavioral medicine, and the introduction to patient care courses. 59ce067264

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